Gradient-based topology optimization of soft dielectrics as tunable phononic crystals

Dielectric elastomers are active materials that undergo large deformations and change their instantaneous moduli when they actuated by electric fields. By virtue of these features, composites made soft dielectrics can filter waves across frequency bands electrostatically tunable . To date, to improve the performance adaptive phononic crystals , such as width at state, metaheuristics-based topology optimization was used. However, design freedom offered this approach is limited because number function evaluations increases exponentially with variables. Here, we go beyond limitations approach, developing an efficient gradient-based method for maximizing band gaps in exemplary case study. We employ a finite element formulation governing equations, use properties each In order iteratively update variables, optimization, namely Method Moving Asymptotes carry out implement fully analytical sensitivity analysis computing gradient objective respect one The numerical results developed here demonstrate prohibited indeed wider those were generated using while computational cost identify them reduced orders magnitude.